Anorectal conditions are those that affect the anus and rectum. At the Colorectal Division of North Carolina Surgery at UNC REX in Raleigh, NC, anorectal conditions are diagnosed and treated by our expert team of board-certified colon and rectal surgeons.
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Types of Anorectal Conditions
Some of the most common anorectal disorders are:
Abscesses and Fistulas
An anorectal abscess is a collection of pus in the tissue around the anus or rectum. It is typically caused by an infection of the anal glands, which can lead to severe pain, swelling, and fever. If left untreated, an abscess can develop into a fistula, which is an abnormal tunnel that forms between the inside of the anus and the surrounding skin. This condition often results in chronic discharge and discomfort.
Abscesses are generally treated by draining the pus. Fistulas may require surgery to fully resolve the issue, as they often do not heal on their own.
Anal Cancer
Anal cancer is a rare but serious condition. Risk factors include infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), smoking, and lowered immunity. Symptoms may include:
- Anal bleeding
- Pain
- Itching
- Changes in bowel habits
- A lump near the anus
Early detection is critical, so be sure to schedule an appointment if you experience any concerning symptoms. Treatment for anal cancer usually involves radiation, chemotherapy, or surgery.
Condyloma and Dysplasia
Condyloma, also known as anal warts, is a condition caused by the HPV virus. These warts appear around or inside the anus and can cause itching, discomfort, and irritation. In some cases, they may develop into anal dysplasia, which is a precancerous condition where abnormal cells are found in the lining of the anus.
Treating condyloma and anal dysplasia aims to relieve symptoms and reduce the risk of anal cancer through options such as topical creams, high-resolution anoscopy, and surgical removal.
Fissures
An anal fissure is a small tear in the lining of the anus, often caused by the passage of hard stools or chronic constipation. Symptoms include sharp pain during bowel movements, bleeding, and itching. Fissures can be particularly uncomfortable and, if not treated, may become chronic.
Initial treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and promoting healing through lifestyle changes, such as increasing fiber intake and using stool softeners. In more severe cases, surgery, such as sphincterotomy, may be recommended to alleviate the problem.
Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the lower rectum or anus, or just outside the anus. They can develop due to straining during bowel movements, prolonged sitting, chronic constipation, or pregnancy. Hemorrhoids can cause itching, pain, and bleeding, especially during bowel movements.
In mild cases, lifestyle modifications such as increasing fiber intake, drinking more fluids, and using over-the-counter treatments may provide relief. For more severe hemorrhoids, procedures like rubber band ligation or hemorrhoidectomy (surgical removal) may be necessary.
Why Choose UNC REX
At the Colorectal Division of North Carolina Surgery at UNC REX, our team offers expert care for a range of conditions. We provide personalized anorectal condition treatment plans designed to address your specific needs, using advanced techniques to ensure the best possible outcomes. From diagnosis to treatment to recovery, our goal is to help you achieve lasting relief and maintain your anorectal health in a compassionate and supportive environment.
Learn More About Anorectal Conditions in Raleigh, North Carolina
If you are experiencing symptoms of a possible anorectal condition, contact us today. We’ll be happy to schedule a consultation with one of our providers so that you can receive the care you need.
Frequently Asked Questions
How are anorectal conditions diagnosed?
Anorectal conditions are generally diagnosed through physical examinations, a review of the patient’s medical history, and/or specialized procedures such as high-resolution anoscopy. Additionally, techniques like CT scans and biopsies may also be used.
Are anorectal disorders preventable?
Although some anorectal conditions cannot be prevented entirely, you can reduce your risk by adopting certain lifestyle habits. These include eating a high-fiber diet, staying hydrated, avoiding straining during bowel movements, and practicing good hygiene.